The pain caused by a cervical herniated disc is caused by a combination of: 1) pinching of the nerve root, and; 2) inflammation associated with the disc material itself. Therefore, taking anti-inflammatory medications to remove some of the inflammation can reduce this component of the pain while the pressure component (pinching of the nerve root) resolves.
For patients with severe pain from a herniated disc, oral steroids (such as Predisone or a Medrol Dose Pak) may give even better pain relief. However, these medications can only be used for a short period of time (one week).
Physical therapy and exercise. Just as in the lumbar spine, Mckenzie exercises can be used to help reduce the pain in the arm. In the initial period a physical therapist may also opt to use modalities, such as heat/ice or ultrasound, to help reduce muscle spasm.
Cervical traction. Traction on the head can help reduce pressure over the nerve root. It does not work for everyone but is easy to do, and if effective the patient can use a home traction device for pain from a cervical herniated disc.
Chiropractic manipulation. Gentle manipulation can help reduce the joint dysfunction that may be an added component of the pain. High velocity manipulations should be avoided as they can make the pain worse, or worsen any neurological damage.
Osteopathic medicine. Osteopathic manipulation and special techniques to restore normal joint motion can be helpful in reducing pain from a cervical herniated disc.
Activity modification. Some types of activities may tend to exacerbate the herniated disc pain and it is reasonable to avoid these activities to keep from irritating the nerve root. Such activities may include heavy lifting (over 50 pounds), activities that can cause increased vibration and compression to the cervical spine (boating, snowmobile riding, running, etc.), and overhead activities that require prolonged neck extension and/or rotation.
Bracing. In some instances a cervical collar or brace may be recommended to help provide some rest for the cervical spine.
Medications. In addition to the anti-inflammatory medications mentioned above, narcotic agents (pain killers) might be used on a temporary basis to help reduce the pain and discomfort from a cervical herniated disc. Also, muscle relaxants or certain anti-depressants may help reduce the nerve-type pain (neuropathic pain) and help restore normal sleep patterns.
Injections. Epidural steroid injections or selective nerve root blocks can be helpful to reduce inflammation in cases of severe pain from a cervical herniated disc, and can be very effective if accompanied by a comprehensive rehabilitation program that may involve a number of the above conservative treatments.
Physicians who provide the above treatments for a cervical herniated disc may include family practitioners, physiatrists (physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians), osteopathic physicians, neurologists, and orthopedic spine surgeons or neurosurgeons. Chiropractors and physical therapists may also provide some of the above treatments for a cervical herniated disc in their respective areas of specialization.
By: Rick
Staehler, MD
June 12, 2002
